One What is a machine vision system

Vision is an important means for humans to observe and understand the world. With the development of information technology, humans have gradually endowed computers, robots, or other intelligent machines with this skill. This is the machine vision technology we are going to mention today, which uses machines to replace human eyes for measurement and judgment. Sweet, machine vision systems are systems that mimic the working principles of the human visual system, using cameras, image processing algorithms, and artificial intelligence technology to recognize, analyze, and understand images or videos. Machine vision systems have a wide range of applications in industries, healthcare, agriculture, transportation, and other fields.

II What are the components of a machine vision system

Machine vision systems are playing an increasingly important role in the information age. Generally, a complete machine vision system consists of the following six parts:

1. Illumination (light source) is an important factor that affects the input of machine vision systems. The design of the light source system is very important, as it is directly related to the input data, namely the quality of the image and the application effect. Engineers need to first determine effective lighting conditions and select corresponding lighting equipment based on user needs and product characteristics to ensure that the generated images under these lighting conditions can highlight the target information features required by the user. Light sources are usually divided into visible light sources and invisible light sources. The commonly used visible light sources in industry are LED, halogen lamps, fluorescent lamps, etc. Invisible light sources mainly include near-infrared light, ultraviolet light, X-rays, etc. LED light source is a widely used machine vision light source in teaching, which has the characteristics of high efficiency, long life, moisture resistance, earthquake resistance, energy conservation and environmental protection. This is the choice made by engineers when designing lighting systems. Invisible light sources are mainly used to meet certain specific requirements, such as inspection during pipeline welding processes, as the penetration of invisible light can only reach the inspection point.

2. Lens

The lens is an important component in machine vision systems, and its function is optical imaging. The main parameters of a lens are focal length, depth of field, resolution, working distance, and field of view. Depth of field refers to the distance range between the subject and the focal point when the lens can capture an image. Field of view refers to the range that a camera can observe, usually expressed in angles. Generally speaking, the larger the field of view, the wider the observation range. Working distance refers to the distance between the lens and the subject being photographed. The longer the working distance, the higher the cost. Setting up two When designing a machine vision system, please select a lens with parameters that meet the user's needs.

3. Industrial cameras are essential in machine vision systems. They are like human eyes, used to capture images. Industrial cameras can be divided into CCD cameras and CMOS cameras based on the different photoreceptors. The cost of CCD cameras is relatively high, and industrial cameras are essential in machine vision systems. They are like human eyes, used to capture images. Industrial cameras can be divided into CCD cameras and CMOS cameras based on the different photoreceptors. CCD cameras have a higher cost, but their imaging quality, transparency, and color richness are much better than CMOS cameras. CCD cameras can be divided into two types based on the CCD sensor they use: linear array and planar array. Line array CCD cameras adopt the form of "lines", and image information can only be processed in units of rows, with high resolution and fast speed. It is mainly used in machine vision systems that are compatible with industrial, medical, scientific research and other fields. A matrix camera can capture the entire image information at once and is relatively inexpensive.

4. Image acquisition unit

The important factor in the image acquisition unit is the image acquisition card, which serves as the interface between the image acquisition unit and the image processing unit. It is used to digitize acquired images and input and store them in a computer.

5. Image processing unit

Contains a large number of image processing algorithms. After collecting images, use these algorithms to process digital images, analyze and calculate them, and then output the results.

6. Actuators and human-machine interface

After completing the image acquisition and processing work, it is necessary to output the image processing results and perform operations that match the results, such as removing defective products, alarms, etc., and display production information through the human-machine interface.

What is the working principle of machine vision

The principle of machine vision is very simple:

The machine vision inspection system uses a CCD camera to convert the detected target into an image signal, which is transmitted to a dedicated image processing system. Based on pixel distribution, brightness, color, and other information, it is converted into a digital signal. The image processing system performs various operations on these signals to extract the features of the target, such as area, quantity, position, and length, and then outputs the results according to preset tolerances and other conditions, including size, angle, number, and qualification! Implement automatic recognition function for non conformance, presence/absence, etc., and guide the equipment to perform corresponding actions based on the discrimination results.

4、 What are the characteristics of machine vision systems

The characteristic of machine vision systems is to improve the flexibility and automation level of production. In some hazardous work environments that are not suitable for manual operation or where artificial vision is difficult to meet requirements, machine vision is commonly used to replace artificial vision

At the same time, in the process of large-scale industrial production, the efficiency and accuracy of product quality inspection using manual vision are low, and the use of machine vision inspection methods can greatly improve production efficiency and automation level.

Moreover, machine vision is easy to achieve information integration and is the fundamental technology for realizing computer integrated manufacturing.